Scientific Computing Platform for Geophysical Geodesy

The scientific computing platform for geophysical geodesy comprises two core modules: the Precise Approximation of Earth Gravity Field and Geoid (PAGravf4.5) and the Earth Tide, Load Effect and Deformation Monitoring Computation (ETideLoad4.5). These systems were independently developed over a decade by ZHANG Chuanyin of the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, representing the culmination of his twenty years of pioneering research in this field. The platform and its core source codes were officially open-sourced and made freely accessible to the global community in September 2021.

This initiative aims to address the critical scarcity of such computational resources in global geoscience education. It seeks to establish a cognitive framework and knowledge architecture for multi-source heterogeneous data fusion and collaborative geodetic technologies, thereby demonstrating the intrinsic scientific elegance and potential of the discipline. Ultimately, this endeavor catalyzes a strategic paradigm shift: evolving geodesy from a "descriptive measurement tool" into a "dynamic Earth system analyzer," and elevating geodetic education from a "technology-oriented" approach to a "problem-driven" philosophy.




Precise Approximation of Earth Gravity Field and Geoid (PAGravf4.5) comprehensively encompasses the fundamental principles, core methodologies, and complete formalism of physical geodesy and the Earth’s gravity field theory.

Adhering strictly to the principles of physical geodesy, PAGravf4.5 establishes a unified analytical framework for computing diverse terrain effects across all external gravity field elements, significantly advancing capabilities in geophysical gravity exploration and gravity field data processing. The software employs a robust hybrid architecture that synergistically integrates spatial-domain boundary value problem (BVP) integrals with spectral-domain Spherical Radial Basis Function (SRBF) approximations. This enables full-space, all-element analytical modeling of the gravity field on and outside the geoid, utilizing multi-source, heterogeneous, varying-altitude, cross-distributed, and multi-type observations. Furthermore, PAGravf4.5 incorporates ingenious algorithms for gravity exploration modeling using multi-source heterogeneous geodetic data and for the optimization of height datums, thereby consolidating and expanding the practical utility of the Earth’s gravity field theory.

Multi-type data from terrestrial, maritime, aerial, or space-based observations

Diverse Terrain Effects on Various gravity field Elements on or outside the Geoid

Closed-Loop Analytical Operations between External Gravity Field Elements

All-Element Analytical Modeling of Local Gravity Field in Full External Space

Observation Error Assessment & Precise Computational Performance Control

Gravity Exploration Modeling from Multi-Source Heterogeneous Observations

Earth Tide, Load Effect and Deformation Monitoring Computation (ETideLoad4.5) is a comprehensive Windows software suite designed for scientific computing in geophysical geodetic monitoring. It constructs an analytically compatible system of geodetic and geodynamic algorithms by employing unified numerical standards and coordinated geophysical models, thereby uniformly computing various tidal and non-tidal effects on all types of geodetic elements (observations or parameters) on ground or external to the solid Earth. ETideLoad4.5 facilitates the precise approximation of global and regional load deformation field derived from surface load observations – such as atmospheric, sea level, soil moisture, lake, and glacial data – and enables the collaborative monitoring of terrestrial water, temporal gravity field, geological environments, and ground stability variations through the deep data fusion of multi-source heterogeneous geodetic and surface load observations.

Analytically geodetic and geodynamic algorithms with unified standards and coordinated geophysical models

IERS conventions (2010) compliant and improved, with clarified concepts and fully derived and verified algorithms

Uniform computation of tidal, polar shift, and COM variation effects on full-space various geodetic elements

Analytical computation of surface load effects and collaborative monitoring of temporal Local gravity field

Geodetic Estimation of Terrestrial Water EWH and Computation of spatiotemporal ground stability variations

The two software packages were developed by QT C++ (Visual C++) for the user interface, Intel Fortran (Fortran90, 132 Columns fixed format) for the core function modules, and mathGL C++ for the geodetic data file visualization in the Visual Studio 2017 x64 integrated environment. PAGravf4.5 is composed of nearly 50 win64 executable programs with more than 500 function modules, and ETideLoad4.5 is composed of more than 50 win64 executable programs with nearly 600 function modules.

The scientific computing platform is suitable senior undergraduates, graduate students, scientific researchers, and engineering technicians in geodesy and geophysics, geology and geoscience, geomatics and geographic information, seismic and geodynamics, aerospace and satellite dynamics. You can design your own schemes and processes, then organize flexibly the related programs and functions, perform the scientific computations for geophycical geodesy.

There are the example files saved in the folder C:\PAGravf4.5_win64en\examples and C:\ETideLoad4.5_win64en\examples for each Win64 program, espectively. Each example includes the operation process file process.txt, some input-output data files and screenshots. The folder name of the example files is the same as the name of the window executable program.

Before the program to be used, it is recommended to run the program from the input-output example data files with comparing the screenshots and the process information in process.txt. It will take about 7 working days to complete all the example exercises for PAGravf4.5 or ETideLoad4.5. Thereafter, you can use the scientific computing platform alone.

Software teaching
Physical Geodesy, authored by ZHANG Chuanyin from the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, was published by Chinese Science Press in May 2026.
2026-07-16
Outlines a five-step process to compute groundwater EWH variations and the regional load deformation field all-element grid time series from heterogeneous observations (CORS, gravity tide stations, an
2024-11-11
From the observed terrestrial, marine and airborne gravity disturbances and GNSS-leveling data, make the all-element models on gravity field using SRBFs in six steps.
2024-11-11
The remove-restore scheme combined the global load spherical harmonic coefficient synthesis and regional residual load SRBF approach is employed to compute high-resolution load deformation field.
2024-11-11
Demonstrates the fundamental workflow for computing unified land-sea complete Bouguer effects on gravities. Utilizing a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and discrete gravity disturbances in near-Earth...
2024-11-11
The integration algorithms based on boundary value theory and spherical radial basis function approximation algorithms to realize the all-element analytical modelling on gravity field.
2024-11-09
Designed to approximate global and regional non-tidal load effects on diverse geodetic elements. By strictly adhering to geodetic and Earth deformation principles, the system constrains and assimilate
2024-11-09
The unified analytical algorithm system for various modes of terrain effects on different types of gravity field elements on or outside the geoid to synthesize various complex geodetic observations.
2024-11-08
Uniformly computes the effects of solid Earth tides, ocean tidal loading, atmosphere tidal loading, polar motion (rotation pole), figure pole variations, and center of mass (COM) variations on all typ
2024-11-08
Earth Tide, Load Effect and Deformation Monitoring Computation (ETideLoad4.5) is a large Windows program package for scientific computing of geophysical geodetic monitoring.
2024-11-07
The basic principles, main methods and all the formulas in physical geodesy and Earth gravity field have been realized completely in PAGravf4.5 to imporve high education environment.
2024-11-07